Walt Disney World

Contextual investigation: Walt Disney World Question 1: Suppose contending attractions, for example, Sea World and Universal Studios, bring down their costs of adminission. By what method ought to WDW react? The issue of serious cost is near the gracefully and request one. For whatever length of time that individuals ready to follow through on whatever the cost parks set, particularly WDW, for what reason would they change? WDW gives such a top notch offer than it is difficult to bring down his costs; it could attempt to keep them consistent. Regardless of whether the organization chooses to bring down costs, it ought to do it in a critical manner so as to pull in more customers.For case a $5 decrease in the cost of affirmation would incite any significant changes. They would presumably need to drop cost beneath their rivals to make genuine addition. In addition, from a marking angle, bringing down costs sends a blended message to buyers (grown-ups with buying power) : to be sure in clients mind, it would flag something turns out badly. As a matter of fact the cost is a fundamental piece of firms situating and it would be hard for WDW to situate itself as the debut amusement park with lower costs than contenders; it is likewise un-vital to re-position.WDW technique has not to do with the philosophy â€Å"cheapest consistently win†. The organization needs to play on separation and continue playing its initiative situating; it implies making your item interesting somehow or another to keep up your seriousness. The accompanying section manage all WDW separation factors. WDW uniqueness measures - Marketing: WDW propose a total proposal for grown-ups and additionally kids (families). The assortment of this offer (a few amusement stops, for example, EPCOT or Animal Kingdom, different exercises, for example, golf or natural life, a few lodgings and costs segments†¦) makes clients ready to tweak their vacations.WDW gives multi-experience. - Communication: t he firm should continue utilizing a multi-channel and multi-media methodology to spread its showcasing messages including whatever number new advancements as would be prudent. - Innovation & Ideas age: WDW must save theâ€Å"environnement for steady conficts† it made through its gatherings: Gong Show, Charettes with planners and amusement park fashioners, Movie Development gatherings. †Common sense & Discipline: This is the down to earth some portion of WDW uniqueness since important to test thoughts, particularly from a monetary and money related perspective. For sure ood thoughts need time that is the motivation behind why WDW imaginative procedure conflicts with snappy activities and crowd research. - Creativity: As M. Eisner said â€Å"Together struggle & sound judgment yield creativity†. We can include that WDW culture of decent variety and fun take parts in the inventive procedure: different purpose of perspectives and independence le ad to grindings, clashes, discusses that are basic to get incredible arrangements. - Facilities and Employees: in realities, WDW representatives capable, very much prepared and well disposed. That is a critically significant factor in light of the fact that the vast majority of them are straightforwardly in contact with customers.No need to legitimize how basic the feeling of contact is ready to go. Besides, all the attractions in amusement parks are absolutely protected; all the offices (inns, eateries notwithstanding) are spotless, connected one another (monorail, boats†¦) and electrically associated.. We notice additionally that WDW is mechanically skilled: it is a pioneer in item advancement, types of gear plan and support, modern engineering†¦for occasion WDW structure and oversee consummately attractions holding up lines: clients are touchy about the time they need to utilize rides. Every one of these viewpoints are noticeable for clients Branding Image: all the past rules are portions of the marking picture; WDW brand is the measure of thousands and thousands little activities (â€Å"pointillist painting†). Specifically Mickey and Disney characters, the manor are the image that contains all the tales the organization made, the fantasies and musings it propose to kids. Consequently, if contenders bring down their costs, WDW ought not change its costs and by a similar time continue guarding its image trough all the vital choices particularly for promoting: WDW messages ought to be centered around the nature of the product.Question 2: How can WDW use client data better to expand its volume of business? As a matter of first importance, we ought to have as a top priority the term â€Å"forecasts† when we manage client data points. In reality WDW, because of his gauges division, gathers information on consumer’s participation yet in addition consumer’s conduct. The various divisions of the firm (like Labor Management, Mai ntenance, Finance, Park Theme Design) approach this valuable data which will be utilized for a lot of the board choices to expand volumes and profits.That data can be anticipated every day, week by week, month to month or for quite a while (till five years). So as to see how client data is used, a gander at the estimating procedure is vital; 1-What are the information sources? There are 3 fundamental sources: - The visitors in amusement parks, lodgings, restaurants†¦this is the more straightforward source. - The representatives. For this class we could state that it has nothing to do with purchaser information.Actually it has for at any rate two reasons: first representatives can be straightforwardly in contact with visitors and their proposals are valuable; furthermore we could consider each to be as a shopper into the firm and improve their working environnement prompts improve last consumer loyalty. †The movement business experts since they have their own information ba ses. 2-How WDW get them? Through overviews (polls, interviews, center gathering techniques†¦). All sort of themes could be managed however the two most significant are clients encounters future Travel Plan. 3-How WDW process these data?Thanks to such models as critical, financial, moving-normal models, relapse investigation, month to month anticipating mode. Each model consider a specific number of factors like total national output, cross-trade rates, aircraft specials†¦ 4-Forecasts This is a significant advance in the dynamic procedure. All these shopper data and their investigation by models empower WDW to conjecture buyer conduct (participation specifically). Along these lines WDW can oversee request taking appropriate choices about the scope quantification, the quantity of required workers, the due amount of food and beverage†¦Question 3: What shortcomings or confinements do you see in WDW technique? Operations Strat s WDW procedure is coherente yet we can watch some precise disappointments particularly in tasks technique. Let’s remind the tasks procedure system and shading in blue the particular â€Å"failing fields†: Product Design Process Design Location/Layout Cap. arranging/Forecasts Work Organization Operations execution obviously different fields like promoting or Facilities improvement are concerned. In the accompanying passages we concentrated on those dark focuses. Costs of admissionFirstly, we can advance the way that WDW doesn't contend on costs (particularly cost of affirmation). From a situating perspective it is consistent: WDW is an innovator in media outlet and wager on quality, development and uniqueness. In any case, in time of worldwide affordable emergency, clients may want a lower cost item; and there are not kidding contenders ready to propose such offer: Sea World, Universal Studios†¦Of course youngsters are pulled in by WDW and can persuaded family members however a ultimate conclusion stays to gr own-ups who get the buying power. Lodging advancement strategyThen we should see the extending technique for WDW inns: it doesn't manage momentary requests. Long haul request isn't so much dependable when economy is upset. In this manner Disney inhabitance rates above 90% a significant part of the year which isn't adequate any longer. Cooperative energies & association - Another point is the way that WDW meet a few challenges to make collaborations in light of its top administration. It is an issue of chain of importance, association, authority appointment and culture. As a matter of fact the fundamental issue could be that it is difficult to designate self-rule, to make strengthening among the gathering. We should see that the chain of importance rearrangement will in general make duplications (cf: case of an individual running films in Italy answering to two officials): a few various leveled levels are included. All things considered WDW is a cross breed structure; it is i n time of transformation or transition.Profits & Losses †WDW experienced misfortunes in home-video income due to key choices that extend the discharge cycle for certain vivified film works of art. It could be an issue of item improvement (cf: The item Development Funnel and particularly Products Design step) or procedure building. The buyer items division additionally knew challenges. All things considered it involves marketing, particularly concerning authorized characters. This issue manages buyer conduct (in-store buys, on-line purchases†¦). - Concerning the Interactive media division, Disney experienced colossal misfortunes (source: Disney Fiscal Year Results). All things considered the gathering put resources into independently published computer games (computer games that are distributed by their creator) and it needs more occasions to be gainful. - It goes the equivalent for Internet (Go. com, Disney. com, ESPN. com†¦).It is s a urgent business field ho wever ventures cost a ton. To finish up we could qualify WDW shortcomings and restrictions as for the most part repeating vital issues . They are not basic despite the fact that it could manage the (association outline) and we can bear to state that those challenges are transitory. The main auxiliary change that has influenced profoundly the organization concerned shoppers disposition. â€Å"Disney still realizes how to clear individuals off their feet†, better than any other person however the company needs to consider new propensities and desires. Walt Disney World Contextual analysis: Walt Disney World Ques

Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie Crawford Essay Example For Students

Their Eyes Were Watching God: Janie Crawford Essay Janie Crawford, the primary character of Zora Neale Hurstons Their Eyes WereWatching God, endeavors to locate her own voice all through the novel and, in myopinion, she succeeds despite the fact that it takes her more than thirty years to do it. Eachone of her spouses differently affects her capacity to find that voice. Janie finds her will to discover her voice when she is living with Logan. Since she didn't wed him for adoration, pressures emerge as time proceeds onward and Loganbegins to boss her around. However, Janie is youthful and her will has not yet beenbroken. She has enough solidarity to state No and to leave him by running awaywith Joe. Now, Janie has discovered a piece of her voice, which is her notwilling to resemble a slave in her spouses hands. We will compose a custom article on Their Eyes Were Watching God: Janie Crawford explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now After Janie weds Joe, I feel that she finds that he isn't theperson she thought he was. He instructs her a similar way Logan did, justa tad all the more gently by saying that it's anything but a womans occupation to dowhatever he doesn't need her to do. All through her twenty years of life withJoe, Janie loses her reluctance since she becomes like a touch of kidbeing determined what to do by a grown-up, Joe. She does it without even questioningherself, which is the reason I imagine that she loses the piece of her voice that she hasdiscovered by fleeing from Logan. On occasion, she has enough mental fortitude to sayno to Joe, yet he generally has a comment back that debilitates Janie fromcontinuing her contention. In any case, as I would see it, Janie doesn't lose her will tofind herself and it may have even become more grounded in light of the fact that the peruser can seethat Janie isn't content with the state of affairs now and that she will probablywant to transform them later on. When Joe bites the dust and Janie weds Tea Cake, she feels free in light of the fact that eventhough Tea Cake requests her supposition when he accomplishes something and thinks about her. Since this is Janies first marriage where she really cherishes her better half, shefeels free and finds numerous new things in life that she has not seen previously. She turns out to be increasingly agreeable, needs to go places with Tea Cake, appreciates workingwith others, and preferences shooting match-up. In spite of the fact that she never fired a riflebefore, she improves as a shooter that Tea Cake, and he regards her for that,which permits Janie to get back her sense of pride which she had lost while beingwith her past spouses. As it were, Janies otherworldly arousing starts whenshe lives with Tea Cake. As the peruser can see, Janie has a hard life where she needs to strugglein request not to get substandard compared to her spouses. She succeeds when she is withTea Cake, which additionally denotes when her inward voice begins to stir. Butnot until after Tea Cakes demise does she understand that she has comprehended herplace throughout everyday life, or as such, she has discovered her voice. Classification: English

Moscow Essays - Peredvizhniki, Vasily Surikov, Moscow, Red Square

The historical backdrop of Moscow started in 1147, and from that point forward Moscow has consistently had a main situation in the life of the entire nation. It is the political, social, logical focus of Russia. Coming to Moscow just because, numerous vacationers begin touring with the Red Square. On the Red Square they visit St.Basil's Cathedral, an artful culmination of antiquated Russian engineering. It was worked in memory of the triumph over Kazan in 1552. The landmark remaining before St. Basil's Cathedral lets us know of the individuals' triumph over Polish trespassers in 1612. On the landmark you can peruse the accompanying words: To resident Minin and Prince Pozharsky from appreciative Russia. On the region of the Kremlin we can see the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great inherent the fifteenth century. At its foot there is another old landmark - the Tsar Bell weighing 200 tons. Inverse the Cathedral is the Museum of History. In the event that you are keen on expressions you would be advised to visit the Tretyakov Art Gallery which contains fabulous Russian symbols, momentous works of art and recorded topics performed by Peredvizhniki, Repin, Surikov, Levitan and other extraordinary craftsmen. On the off chance that you visit the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts you'll appreciate the radiant presentation of West-European works of art of the thirteenth twentieth hundreds of years. Moscow has more than 60 verifiable, workmanship, normal science and abstract galleries, commemoration houses and pads, display corridors. Moscow is a city of world-acclaimed theaters. The Bolshoi Theater was opened in 1825. Its collection incorporates all the more then 50 shows and ballet performances. The Maly Drama theater, the Moscow Art Theater, the Obraztsov Central Puppet Theater appreciate incredible ubiquity. Moscow has amazing games offices. The Lenin arena and the Moscow Sports Complex Olympijski are the biggest games edifices in my nation. Moscow is a city of science. It has ma ny logical foundations and advanced education foundations, among which is Moscow Power Engineering Institute.

Gender Inequality In Ancient Rome & Greek Films Throughout The Years - 4125 Words

Gender Inequality In Ancient Rome & Greek Films Throughout The Years (Movie Review Sample) Content: Name Course: Tutor: Date: Gender Inequality in Ancient Rome and Greek Films Thesis The portrayal of the different genders in films, more notably with women has been and still is an obstacle for the progression of gender equality in society. Even though there is still gender inequality for women in being actresses, directors, and writers in regards of screen time, involvement, and pay, there have been improvements since the mid-1900s. In this paper, I will present the progression of gender equality in society that can be observed through the evolution of portrayal of sex and gender in ancient Roman and Greek films throughout the years in terms sexual dominance, age beauty, and the roles of women in the film industry. Timeline Before attempting to breakdown the themes of gender inequality, it is important to understand the implications of how a patriarchy limited the potential of each gender’s role in a film. For example, in the 1950s and 60s women were considered a second-class citizen and President John F. Kennedy even stated, â€Å"We want to be sure that women are used as effectively as they can to provide a better life for our people, in addition to meeting their primary responsibility, which is in the home.† (Katie-CNN). Typically, film of the 1950s and 1960s portrayed women in socially conservative roles, such as ‘stand by your man’ stereotypes. With the first film [Quo Vadis] that the class saw, we see indications that point to the fact that there was a clear segregation between male and female actors. As an example, in Quo Vadis, Marcus Vinicius (played by Robert Taylor) was a commanding officer in the Roman army and after three years of being away at war he came back and metLygia (played by Deborah Kerr). To impress her, during dinner he shared his stories and brutalities of war and how he defeated all his enemies. In the later scenes of the film, Lygia did fall for Marcus, for his strength and dominance and I believe that the character of Lygia was written to be the ideal ‘housewife’ in how she falls for a ‘manly man’ that can support the household. Lygiaembodied the role of the ‘stand by your man’ woman in how she acts helpless and how she depended on Marcus highly.In addition to Lygia, we can also see this housewife/motherly figure in Varinia (played by Jean Simmons) from the film , Spartacus. In one of the earlier scenes of the film, the slave girl Varinia, was presented to Spartacus (played by Kirk Douglas) as a form of taunting from Batiatus and Marcellus because they knew that Spartacus has never had a woman. Likewise, we can see the same attitude in how women were treated in ancient Rome where Varinia was simply used as a sexual object of temptation, ridicule and entertainment. Women in ancient Rome were defined by the men in their lives and were mainly valued as wives and mothers. They had a limited public role and could not vote or hold political office. It is interesting to see how little society has changed in the last nineteen hundred years that both women in ancient Rome and in the 1950s could not hold a position of influence because of her gender. Even if a woman was wealthy, or was married or related to an influential man, she would still be very reticent in her expressions. In an interesting and surprising contrast, to find a woman like Julia (daughter of Augustus) who is assertive. Referred to as ‘Julia the elder’, she attracts the attention of historians because she showed a contrasting light on the lives of upper class women in the Roman empire. Julia was known to be a clever and spirited woman that had a sharp tongue, and wifely virtues were not her strength. Arranged to be married by her father to conceive his future successor, Julia’s first two husbands died and it left her rich. During the two marriages, it was also rumored that she enjoyed many affairs. For this reason, Augustus became ashamed and he had to make the difficult decision of banishing her to a barren island (Women in the Ancient World, PBS). On the other hand, Lygia (daughter of a retired army general) had none of these strong qualiti es and she was but a woman who fell for a brute man that she thinks she can convert to her belief in Christianity. These two women provide a compelling contrast in the difference in women who were born into an influential family but acted in opposite of each other in fitting into the gender norm of the time. An unexpectedly profound film that demonstrated the sad reality of how women were viewed in the 1960s can be seen in A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Forum (1966). Even though the film was a comedy, it candidly and honestly showed that women were mostly treated as an object. On first thought, the more noticeable form of this sexism was in the prostitutes that were displayed in the middle of the town and were offered in the brothel. When Hero (played by Michael Crawford) and Pseudolus (played by ZerMostel) went to the brothel for the first time we can see that the women were treated as goods that were about to be sold. Several of the women were cleaned in the pool as if they were used cars that had to be cleaned and sold in a used car lot. They had to be spotless and clean so that they will attract buyers willing to pay more. When Marcus Lycus (played by Phil Silvers) was presenting Pseudolus with the ‘merchandise’, each different women were exploited for their cu rves and sexuality in how they danced and entertained the buyer.With the sixth woman that were presented to Pseudolus, he examined the ‘product’ by touching her body all over, slapping her behind, checking her teeth and her size as if she was a fruit or vegetable being examined for ripeness in the aisle of the produce section. In addition to this, the next woman that really caught Pseudolus’ eye didn’t even have to be able to speak in order to parade her sensuality to these men. After getting what Pseudolus and Hero wanted in the first place from the brothel in Philia (played by Annette Andre), Hero and Philia instantly fell in love with each other. While speaking to each other in the garden and talking about how much she was sold for, it was demonstrated that Philia was somewhat dull because she could not count or spell and that her only talent was that she is lovely. She even stated that all she was taught was â€Å"charm and grace and no more†. In the late 1960s and throughout 1970s, there was a push for liberation in equal rights as a woman. Thirty eight percent of American women who worked in 1960 were largely limited to jobs as teacher, nurse or secretary. In 1962, Betty Friedan's book  The Feminine Mystique  captured the frustration of a generation of college-educated housewives who felt trapped and unfulfilled. As one said, "I'm desperate. I begin to feel I have no personality. I'm a server of food and a putter-on of pants and a bedmaker, somebody who can be called on when you want something. But who am I?" (The Feminine Mystique). The 1970s was an important time in a wave of change for women’s suffrage and equal rights in the workforce. The National Organization for Women, which was founded in 1966 and advocated for a "fully equal partnership of the sexes," endorsed the ERA and made passing it into the U.S. Constitution a top priority. This massive advancement for change in society also pushed forth a more liberal outlook in the film industry. As an example, the film Iphigenia (1977) had one of its main character, a female in Tatiana Papamouschou (who played Iphigenia) and Irene Papas (who played Klytaimnistra). Even though the film was about Agamemnon (played by Kostas Kazakos) needing to sacrifice his daughter in order to gain favorable winds for his fleet of sailing ships to go to war. The character Iphigenia showed conflict within herself in not wanting to marry a stranger but to also obey her father when she was summoned by her father to marry the son of Peleus. It is this conflict within herself to push against the patriarchy that reflects well with what was also going on in society in the 1970s with the push for gender equality as I stated in the paragraph before.In addition to Iphigenia, her mother Klytaimnistra also had a major role in the film. Around the fifty eighth and one hour and twentieth minute of the film, we can see that instead of keeping her feelings about the sacrifice to herself, Klytaimnistra vocally and physically expressed her anger towards her husband which was uncommon in earlier films. More importantly, this film showed how the progression of gender equality in society made it more acceptable for women’s character involvement in films. In the last scenes of the film, after Iphigenia’s struggled to justify for her own freedom, she decided for herself that she will be the sacrifice to the goddess Artemis so that Greece can find victory in the war. Iphigenia showed courage that not a lot of other female characters had in the older ancient Greek and Rome films. Moving on to the 1980s, we can further note the increased role of women in films. In the film, Clash of the Titans (1981) that we saw in class, a scene where the Greek Gods were assembled showed more female Gods in Thetis, Athena, and Aphrodite than male Gods. This suggested to me that there were no longer or less attention of a patriarchal scene and more to the focus on the accuracy and essence of the story. Also in this film, one of the main villains to Perseus (played by Harry Hamlin) was Medusa. To many feminists, Medusa was a symbol of woman’s power and rage. Medusa is charged with a strong sensuality and physicality that cannot be sourced from her matriarchal origins. Medusa is the icon, with a powerful expression of female subjectivity and creativity. The irony with medusa is that she has become an example of the female object, though her greatest emphasis in the myth is the terrifying power of her own gaze. Before Medusa was transformed into a monster, she...

One Strategy Crusader - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 720 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Did you like this example? One strategy crusader uses is that the wallpaper as a emblem of the narrators confinement. The wallpaper can also be seen to symbolize the narrators mind. once ages, the speaker sees the pattern of her bedrooms yellow wallpaper as a series of bars, imprisoning the shape of a woman behind them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "One Strategy Crusader" essay for you Create order The speaker and thus the cornered woman area unit usually taken. as associate example, she writes, I pulled, and he or she barrel, and he or she force, and before morning weve got an inclination to had raw off yards of that paper. Her audience values the yellow wallpaper on a non-public level as associate female person with a dominant husband and on a general level as a woman throughout a dominant society. Symbolically, this reflects the values of the society among that the speaker lives. They value this as a results of once the speaker pulls at the yellow wallpaper, the cornered woman shakes it. Conversely, once the speaker shakes it, the cornered woman pulls. the woman cornered behind the wallpapers pattern mirrors the pent-up female self-trapped throughout a patriarchal society. although the speaker wont comprehend it, her act of flattening the wallpaper is associate act of defiance. By creating an effort to free this woman, she is creating an effort to free herself. On an even bigger thematic scale, her act demonstrates but she needs to interrupt free of the social restrictions holding her back. The narrators final assumption of the cornered womans identity is usually scanned as symbolic of the narrators reclamation of her independence, grim as a result of its additionally. Thus, by victimization the word choice creeping done by the woman among the wallpaper is also a physical show of the childlike helplessness the speaker has been pushed into by her husband and her malady. once its later discovered that the speaker herself has been locomotion around her area, it becomes ambiguous whether or not or not the speaker is consistently seeing the shape of a woman among the wallpaper or is, in fact, reacting to her shadow. Johns frequent absences and thus the last word revelation that he is aware of the narrators nighttime wakefulness afford the possibility that her delusions area unit brought on by interacting together with her shadow. If {this is|this is usually|this can be} often true, the ultimate word truth of the story that the speaker is that the woman among the wallpaper carries a physical equally as a psychological dimension. as associate example, she wrote: It is that the identical woman, I know, for she is typically locomotion, and most ladies do not creep by daylight. The speaker of The Yellow Wallpaper experiences her struggle throughout a deeply personal arena: her home and mind. However, passages like this one suggest that she acknowledges the broader implications of her experiences and thus the potential effects they have on various girls. In specifying that most girls do not creep by daylight she appearance to suggest that the bulk various girls do still creep or crawl, merely not once theyre usually seen. whereas the speaker goes on to elucidate herself crawling round her area, the phrasing prompts readers to consider but all girls area unit reduced to locomotion in some ways in which during which, whether or not or not they be sure to not be noticed . This passage reinforces the symbolism of creeping as associate act of subjugation and shows the narrators growing awareness that plenty of components of her confinement area unit because of her gender. In the second rhetorical part of the start of the story, another strategy crusader uses the house among that the speaker and her husband keep symbolize the society that orbits the speaker. The home is usually scanned as a physical illustration of the affiliation between the narrators body and mind. Initially, the speaker needs an area on the first floor of the house with roses by the window. She to boot needs to own interaction with the earth outside herself: she needs to figure out friends and work on her writing. Instead, the speaker is forced to stay on the second floor of the house throughout an enormous, disordered area with visible injury and distractingly ugly wallpaper. Similarly, the speaker is denied creative stimulation and driven to fixate on her condition.

Distance Education Essay - 1630 Words

Distance Education Distance education is a process that creates and provides access to learning when time and distance separate the source of information and the learners(Zhang, 1998, p.1). Distance education defies time and space and can help create a virtual schoolhouse, or a ‘classroom without walls’(Wheat, 1998, p.1). The need to take the distance out of education has not been driven largely by sheer need to bridge physical separations. It has been based mainly on providing access as open as possible to those who are willing to avail themselves of the opportunities education affords them(Tam, 1998, p.3). Education needs to reach those who are disadvantaged by location, finance, time, and resources(Tam, 1998, p.3).†¦show more content†¦Flexibility is one advantage Web-based learning has over the traditional classroom...and you can go as fast or slow as you need to learn the course materials (Clarker, 1999, p.2). Technology is opening up many new options for students. Students w ho wish to continue their education are no longer limited to a traditional classroom setting(Sonner, 1999, p.1). According to Arlene Krebs of New Orbit Communications, we have the third wave [of distance learning], where distance learning is a combination of video and Internet(Hancock, 1999, p.2). However, creators of distance learning tend to worry about how it looks more than being sensitive to what the learner really needs(Hancock, 1999, p.2). What Does the Distance Education Learner Really Need (and where does the instructional technologist come into play)? Distance learning, which is a form of multimedia, depends on a rich interactive environment to foster learning(Hancock, 1999, p.1). The challenge for distance educators is to set up a cognitively rich learning environment to facilitate the distant students’ construction processes(Zhang, 1998, p.4). Modern distance education is student centered, not teacher centered...distance educators are facilitators of their students’ education(Markel, 1999, p.3). Learner-centric theories focus on the importance of the learner over the instructor to the instructional activity(Leonard, 1999, p.3). The new paradigm [for distance learning] is ‘a moreShow MoreRelatedFice Of Distance Education1121 Words   |  5 Pagesbenefits for each of these styles of learning. The Ohio State University should become a blended school in order to capitalize on the strengths of both forms of schooling, and recently they have taken steps in this direction. The Office of Distance Education and eLearning is a recently adopted strategy at OSU as an attempt to aid students from foreign countries in keeping up with other students. The ODEE is primarily utilized as a resource for students in which English is a second language. HistoricallyRead MoreThe Impact Of Distance Education On Education2180 Words   |  9 Pagestechnology helped form a new type of education. This type of education is an alternative to the more traditional approach to education. Some individuals oppose the new form of learning stating that it is ineffective. While those who favor it assert that it’s a type of learning that is beneficial to students. This new form of learning commonly occurs exclusively through cyberspace and is referred to as distance education. Distance education is a type of education that combines typical teaching methodsRead MoreFice Of Distance Education1110 Words   |  5 Pagesbenefits for each of these styles of learning. The Ohio State University should become a blended school in order to capitalize on the strengths of both forms of schooling, and recently they have taken steps in this direction. The Office of Distance Education and eLearning is a recently adopted strategy at OSU as an attempt to aid students from foreign countries in keeping up with other students. The ODEE is primarily utilized as a resource for students in which English is a second language. HistoricallyRead MoreOnline Education Is A Type Of Distance Learning1142 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Online education is a type of distance learning that involves taking college courses without attending the campus. Instead students and professors interact over the Internet. It utilizes the Internet or video conferencing to create learning communities. Course materials are provided on a Web site and are occasionally found on CD-ROM; email, bulletin boards, forums, and chat rooms are used to interact with other students and teachers. (â€Å"Online Learning?† 2015) In 1873 the first officialRead MoreEssay on Distance Education1173 Words   |  5 PagesDistance Education Since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century, advances in technology have provided people with the means for a new form of education, known today as distance education. In recent decades, the wondrous array of electronic communications technology has given distance education new status. It seems to have something to offer almost everyone. It is now a normal form of education for those in employment, for homemakers and for those who choose not toRead MoreDistance Education Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesDistance education has changed and grown a lot from external studies and correspondence education during the last century. Distance education has become a recognized phenomenon today, thanks to technology which has shortened the physical distances. DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION The evolution of Distance education could be divided in four periods. The first period was from 1850 to 1960, this generation used correspondence classes which used radio and instructional television. The secondRead More Distance Education Essay2074 Words   |  9 PagesDistance Education The American Education System over the years is developing a new way of schooling. Many colleges are resorting to this type of learning which is called Distance Education. Distance Education is possible through the new advancements and technologies of computers. This new ideal learning has beneficial and negatives attributes, raises the differences between teaching in a classroom verses distance education, key players that are involved and schools who are offering thisRead MoreDistance Education Means Online Education812 Words   |  4 Pagesin the 21st century, distance education means online education, the use of the Internet to create a computer-based learning connection between instructor and student (Larreamendy-Joerns Leinhardt, 2006). In today’s increasingly technological world, nearly 70% of top academic leaders agree that online learning is part of the academic world’s future, and as of 2013, nearly 1/3 of higher education students were enrolled in an online course (Kentnor, 2015). Although distance education’s rapid evolutionRead MoreThe Education Of Distance Education929 Words   |  4 PagesToday when one hears wo rds like online learning or distance education, thoughts of digitized content, and images of different types of technological media frequently come to mind. However, traditionally it has been revealed that distance education is actually not a new phenomenon at all. Historically speaking one could actually uncover that distance education was practiced in the United States in the form of correspondence schools as early as the eighteenth century. In fact, one of the firstRead MoreHow Distance Education Works And As Well1611 Words   |  7 Pageswill know why and how distance education works and as well we will reflect on the elements that provide the technological means to this teaching. Elements that must be taken into account in pedagogy, learning and communication. We will also enter †¦the topic of analyzing the history of distance education and how resources have been evolved over time. Also we will have a look on all stages in the field of technology and how this was modifying, modernizing and facilitating distance learning. On the other

Simeon Stylites Influence on Later Ascetic Practices free essay sample

James Lanbro Religion 204 April 10th, 2013 Saint Simeon Stylites Influence on Later Ascetic Practices Saint Simeon Stylite the Elder was a pioneer of early Christian monasticism. He is noted today as the man who sat atop a pillar, braving the cold, heat, sleet and rain, day and night, for 37 years. Living mostly in the fifth century, he was highly influential in convincing Pagans and Jews to convert to Christianity (1). After his death, he became a prime example influencing Monk’s in the practice of asceticism. His extreme examples of fasting, self-torture and prayer were all examples of how to become closer to the Biblical Lord. Simeon was born approximately 389 CE to a middle class family in a small village in northern Syria. His family owned a flock of sheep to which he tended in his youth. At the age of 13, while herding his sheep, he stumbled upon a Christian Church on a Sunday. We will write a custom essay sample on Simeon Stylites Influence on Later Ascetic Practices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There he heard a sermon that influenced him to become a Christian. By the age of 18 he left his family to live in a nearby monastery to become a monk. As a monk he practiced extreme forms of ascetics including hermitage, fasting and self-torture (2). â€Å"Behold, my servant shall prosper, he shall be exalted and lifted up, and shall be very high. As many were astonished at him – his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance, and his form beyond that of the sons of men- so shall he startle many nations; kings shall shut their mouths because of him; for that which has not been told them they shall see, and that which they have not heard they shall understand. † Isaiah 53. 13 – 15 John the Baptist, Jesus and his disciples and Saint Paul practiced ascetics and were Simeon’s major influences. Both John and Jesus practiced a 40 day fast, and both suffered a greatly terrible tortured death. Ascetics were a giant part of Simeon’s methods of operation. From the time he discovered the Gospel as an adolescent he began fasting as a form of worship. When he was in his physical prime, he only ate a small amount, once a week, on Sundays. On two occasions, he celebrated Lent without any food for 40 days (2). Simeon practiced many forms of self torture. He kept a wound open on his leg and encouraged infection to live in constant pain. He experienced sleep deprivation, creating devices that would awaken him if he were to fall asleep. He also vowed to remain standing and did so, for over 50 years. In his early career, he tied a rope around his mid-section and left it there for three years. When it was removed, his flesh had grown around the rope. The smell was noted as being so horrendous that he was asked to leave the monastery. Another reason for being asked to leave the monastery was that his ascetic practices were too extreme and the other monks were jealous of him (3). In the medieval era, hermit living and isolating oneself from society was considered an effective way for a monk to become closer to God. Society was considered full of mistruths and temptations. Simeon took hermitage very seriously. He locked himself away into a hut for ten years to pray and repent. He was fed by other monks who passed food through a gap in the wall. Simeon tied himself to a post for a year and a half, as to help quell the temptation of returning to society comforts (4). Being so extreme is his ascetics, people began to talk about Simeon. His fame grew and he began having difficulties with pilgrims who would insist on begging Simeon for a miracle. They would often want to rip a piece of his clothing for a relic souvenir. This attention led Simeon to sit atop his first of three pillars, high above the physical grasp of the public (2). Simeon’s pillar living was designed as a means to an end. His fame was growing across Christendom and he needed to somehow further isolate himself from his followers. He located his pillar on top of a small mountain where he could be closer to the heavens. He dwelled just outside of the city of Allepo, in Syria. Simeon remained atop a pillar for 37 years. He came down twice only to ascend a higher pillar built by thankful wealthy pilgrims. His final pillar was 20 meter’s high, making his public sermons indiscernible. When people of high rank needed correspondence, they would climb a latter to speak to him (5). He ate through the support of a nearby monastery. They would bring his a bag of food, including goat’s milk and bread on a weekly basis. They would lift the bag using a pulley and rope. Simeon never finished his weekly ration. Because of the lack of nutrients ingested, he rarely defecated and when he did it was quite minimal (4). Prayer was very important to Simeon and he was known to have completed 1244 postulations during his nightly prayer. Simeon prayed early in the day and gave sermons in the late morning, and he would address his audience in the early afternoon (6). Simeons fame was reluctant. The more righteous he became with his ascetics, the more society gained interest in his plight. His close relationship with God gave him the ability to perform amazing miracles of healing. His fame grew around Syria and the surrounding countries, and people from far and wide began to visit him looking for advice. As he performed more and more miracles and spectacular events, his fame spilt across Europe as far as the British Isles and into the Far East. He eventually felt required to live on higher and higher pillars to better concentrate on his prayers and ascetics (3). It is quite ironic that the more Simeon isolated himself from society, the more society sought his advice, prayer and blessing. He was influential in politics of both the state and the church. Emperor Theodosius II would send for his advice on ruling the Byzantine Empire. Upon his death, Constantine argued to have his body moved to Constantinople (3). There are three writings from the fifth century that report the biography of Saint Simeon Stylite the Elder. The first was written by Theodoret during Simeons lifetime, when he was already living atop the third and highest pillar. Theodoret, who was also sainted, wrote a book to record the practices of ascetic monks in the Middle East. His writing gave a very detailed account of Simeon’s life and accomplishments (3). The second writing was written just after Simeon’s death. His pillar was used as a relic for a monastery around which it was built. It was so well built that its ruins remain well intact today. Unfortunately, the pillar itself is nothing more than a stump, as pilgrims have removed small pieces as souvenirs over the years. The monks in Saint Simeons monastery wrote a slightly different account of Simeons life. This account is considered to be slightly exaggerated and some of the details have been skewed for ease of storytelling (7). A third account of Simeons life has been found in various translations in various ancient libraries across the Middle East. It is estimated that it is mostly an account based on both the Theodoret and the Syrian monks’ writings. Each translation is slightly different from the other. The writings also offer new information that is unavailable in the first two writings (4). Other famous ascetic monks followed Saint Simeon’s examples including Saint David of Whales and Francis of Assini. Saint David of Whales lived in the sixth century and started an order of monks practicing strict asceticism. They avoided meats and beers, eating only water, bread, salts and herbs. They punished themselves further by plowing the fields without the help of animals. They denounced themselves of all earthly belongings to the point that they even had to borrow Bibles to study. Francis of Assini was famous for his vows of poverty. He and eleven followers lived as able bodied beggars, while preaching the Gospel (8). These writings became a framework for future ascetic monks. Stylites become quite popular in the sixth and seventh century. Wealthy towns took pride in having a stylite monk looking over them. Famous stylites would include two more Simeons. Simeon The Younger would gain a great bit of notoriety and influence. Simeon III was actually struck by lightning. Daniel the Stylite was Simeon’s disciple and continued his tradition for 33 years on a pillar near Constantinople after Simeon’s death. Monks followed the practices of Saint Simeon Stylite the elder until the mid nineteenth century (8). St. Luke the Elder lived on a Pillar atop Mount Olympus in the ninth century. Roger Collins, an expert on medieval studies claims that some medieval towns would have more than one Stylite and they would tend to argue theology from atop their pillars (8). Simeon died atop the pillar in 483 CE. He was left dead on the pillar for three days because his followers believed him to be in deep meditation. St. Simeon’s fame grew so large that by his death, the nearby city of Antioch and the Empire Capital of Constantinople fought for possession of his remains. The preference was given to Antioch, and his relics were left there as a protection of the unwalled city (3). In 1833, Alfred Tennyson wrote a famous poem about St. Simeon where he has Simeon describe himself (9): Let this avail, just, dreadful, mighty God, This not be all in vain, that thrice ten years, Thrice multiplied by superhuman pangs, In hungers and in thirsts, fevers and cold, In coughs, aches, stitches, ulcerous throes and cramps, A sign betwixt the meadow and the cloud, Patient on this tall pillar I have borne Rain, wind, frost, heat, hail, damp, and sleet, and snow; (lines 9–16) In Constantine P. Cavafys 1917 poem, â€Å"Simeon,† Cavafy write’s a dialogue thought out by a young aesthetic (10). Ah, don—t smile; for thirty-five years, think of it— winter, summer, daytime, night, for thirty-five years hes been living, martyring himself, atop a pillar. Before we were born—I—m twenty-nine years old, you are, I think, younger than I am— before we were born, imagine it, Simeon climbed up that pillar. And since that time he has stayed there facing God. In 1965, Luis Bunuel made a short film called Simon del Desierto, that is based on the life of St. Simeon. For maximum juxtaposition, the movie ends with Satin banishing the Saint to a modern 1960’s night club. In today’s modern world there have been two pillar dwellers of fame in North America. In 1998, Julia Butterfly climbed a 500 year old tree in California when it was slated to be cut down. She stayed in the tree for eighteen months until an agreement was made with authorities and the lumber company to save said tree (11). In 2002, magician David Blaine spent 35 hours standing atop a 30 meter pillar in New York City. In preparation for his stunt, he fasted for one week, so he wouldn’t have to defecate while atop the pillar (12). Of course, it is always a popular fund raiser to have a radio DJ live atop a billboard for a week to raise awareness about some sort of charity. Simeon Stylite The Elder was a pioneer of early Christian ascetic practices. By his examples, monks of future generations became closer to their God. His life is exemplary of the greatest of great Saints, sacrificing so much for his God. His contributions to Christianity are immeasurable, and his imprint is undeniable. Simeon Stylite The Elder will continue to be an icon of religious ascetism for generations to come. Works Cited 1) Gibbon, Alfred â€Å"Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire† 1781, Sacred-texts. com, accesses April 4th, 2013, http://www. sacred-texts. com/cla/gibbon/03/daf03041. htm 2) Lent, Frederick â€Å"The Life of St. Simeon Stylites: A Translation of the Syriac Text in Bedjan’s Acta Martyrumet Sanctorum, Vol. IV† American Oriental Society, 1915. 3) Brock, S. P â€Å"Early Syrian Asceticism†, Cambridge, England, Brill Publishing, Numen, Vol. 20, Fasc. 1 (Apr. , 1973), pp. 1-19 4) Doran, Robert The Lives of Simeon Stylites† Journal of Roman Studies, 1971. 5) Visser, Margeret â€Å"St. Simeon the Stylite† Compass, Volume 14, #2, 6) Lamb, George â€Å"Saints for Now† edited by Clare Boothe Luce (Sheed and Ward, Inc. 1952) 7) Henri Stierlin â€Å"Encyclopedia of World Architecture† Art amp; Design Centre, Valletta, 1977 8) Harvey , S. Ashbrook â€Å"The Sense of a Stylite: Perspectives on Simeon the Elder†, Brill Publishing, Vigiliae Christianae, Vol. 42, No. 4 (Dec. , 1988), pp. 376-394 9) Tennyson, Alfred â€Å"St. Simeon Stylites† 1842, accessed April 4th, 2013, http://www. online-literature. om/donne/728/ 10) Jeffreys, Peter â€Å"Cavafy, Forster amp; The Eastern Question†, Journal Of Modern Greek Studies, Volume 19, Number 1, May 2001 11) Fitzgerald, Dawn â€Å"Julia Butterfly Hill: Saving the Redwoods. † Millbrook, Connecticut: Millbrook Press 2002 12) Blaine, David â€Å"Vertigo† www. davidblaine. com Accessed April 9th, 2013 13) Charles C. Torry (and Saint Simeon) â€Å"The Letters of Simeon the Stylite†, American Oriental Society, Volume 20, 1899 14) Miller, Patricia Cox â€Å"Desert Asceticism and The Body from Nowhere Journal of Early Christian Studies, Volume 2, Number 2, Summer 1994